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西方经济学国际贸易动力理论认为,比较优势等是国家参与国际贸易和形成不同贸易方式的主要原因。马克思认为,追逐超额利润是资本推动国际贸易发展的动力,而价值规律的作用则使优势企业普遍获得了国际超额利润。企业由于过分依赖比较优势和政府扶持,在无序、割裂的市场环境中无法获得正常的国际贸易利益。因此,应建立高效、统一、公平的国内市场,调整对外经贸政策,推动优势企业积极发展国际贸易并获得正常的贸易利益。
The theory of international trade motivation in western economics holds that the comparative advantage is the main reason why the state participates in international trade and forms different modes of trade. Marx believes that the pursuit of excess profits is the driving force for capital to promote the development of international trade. The role of the law of value leads the superior enterprises to generally gain international excess profits. Due to over-reliance on comparative advantages and government support, enterprises can not get the normal benefits of international trade in a disorderly and fragmented market environment. Therefore, we should establish an efficient, uniform and fair domestic market, readjust our foreign trade and economic policies, and promote the advantageous enterprises to actively develop international trade and gain normal trade interests.