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目的:描述圆锥角膜(KCN)患者亲属的受累角膜地形图。方法:对75名KCN患者的150名同胞的300只眼睛在角膜诊所进行了研究,经过完整的裂隙灯,屈光检查并由角膜摄影视频图片提供角膜地形图。进行方差分析,Fisher精确测试和卡方检验比较结果。结果:在150个同胞中,女56%,男44%,平均年龄21(15-39)岁。诊断KCN和可疑KCN的分别为12.3%和6.6%。KCN患者中央角膜曲率(CK)为46.50±4.51(D)而可疑KCN患者为45.66±1.52(D)。KCN患者角膜下方与上方平均屈光度差值(I-S)为3.51±2.50(D)而在可疑KCN患者为1.56±1.22(D)。在KCN状态椭圆型为67.6%(25例)而圆型为32.4%(12例)。在可疑KCN分别为90%和10%。KCN屈光不正为-7.50至1.25(-1.25±1.83)D,可疑KCN为0.45至-4.2(-0.68±0.76)D而健康组为2.75至-7.5(-0.6±1.12)D。KCN和可疑KCN中22.7%为轻度散光,18.3%为中度散光。结论:KCN患者健康同胞中KCN情况增加显示出需要筛选检查以早期诊断并在这些个体中谨慎实施屈光性角膜手术或隐形眼镜治疗。
Objective: To describe the affected corneal topography of relatives of patients with keratoconus (KCN). METHODS: Thirty eyes of 150 siblings from 75 KCN patients were studied at the Corneal Clinic, underwent complete slit lamp, refractive examination and corneal topography provided by corneal video images. ANOVA, Fisher exact test and Chi-square test were compared. Results: Among 150 sibs, 56% were female and 44% were male, with an average age of 21 (15-39) years. Diagnostic KCN and Suspected KCN were 12.3% and 6.6%, respectively. Central corneal curvature (CK) was 46.50 ± 4.51 (D) for KCN patients and 45.66 ± 1.52 (D) for suspected KCN patients. The difference between corneal and superior corneal topography (I-S) was 3.51 ± 2.50 (D) for KCN patients and 1.56 ± 1.22 (D) for suspected KCN patients. In the KCN state, the oval type was 67.6% (25 cases) and the circular type was 32.4% (12 cases). Suspected KCN were 90% and 10% respectively. KCN refractive errors ranged from -7.50 to 1.25 (-1.25 ± 1.83) D, suspicious KCNs ranged from 0.45 to -4.2 (-0.68 ± 0.76) D and healthy subjects ranged from 2.75 to -7.5 (-0.6 ± 1.12) D. 22.7% of KCN and suspected KCN were mild astigmatism and 18.3% of moderate astigmatism. Conclusions: The increased KCN status in healthy sibs of KCN patients shows the need for screening tests for early diagnosis and the careful administration of refractive keratoplasty or contact lens treatment in these individuals.