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目的:研究肘后血管网对肘后组织瓣的供血作用,为临床设计新的组织瓣提供解剖学基础。方法:通过6例新鲜上肢标本和2例上肢血管铸型标本的解剖,观察肘后血管网的形态学特点及其与肘后组织瓣的供血关系。结果:肘后血管网分为肘后内侧血管网和肘后外侧血管网,分别发出骨膜支和肌皮穿支到肘后相关组织瓣区,肘后内侧血管网吻合处外径在(1.8±0.3)mm;肘后外侧血管网吻合处外径在(0.9±0.4)mm。肘后内、外侧血管网之间吻合处外径在0.3～0.9mm。结论:根据肘后血管网吻合特点,可为临床设计出不带桡侧副动脉背侧支的外侧筋膜骨膜瓣、不带尺侧返动脉背侧支的内侧筋膜骨膜瓣和骨间返动脉骨膜支的鹰嘴骨膜皮瓣等组织瓣。
Objective: To study the effect of elbow vascular network on the blood supply of the posterior metacarpal flap, and to provide anatomical basis for the clinical design of new tissue flap. Methods: Six cases of fresh upper extremity and two cases of upper extremity vascular cast specimens were dissected to observe the morphological characteristics of the elbow vascular network and its relationship with the blood supply of the posterior elbow tissue flap. Results: The posterior metacarpal vascular network was divided into posterior posterior medial vascular network and posterior posterior metacarpal vascular network, and the periosteal branch and musculus perforating branch to the posterior metacarpal flap were respectively identified. The anastomosis diameter of posterior medial vascular network was (1.8 ± 0.3) mm. The diameter of anastomosis of posterolateral vascular network was (0.9 ± 0.4) mm. After the elbow, the outer diameter of the anastomosis between the vascular network in 0.3 ~ 0.9mm. Conclusion: According to the anastomosis characteristics of the elbow vascular network, the lateral fascia periosteal flap without radial dorsal branch of the dorsal artery can be designed, Artery periosteal flap of the olecranon periosteal flap and other tissue flap.