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1.引言钙在元素周期表中与铍、镁、锶、钡、镭一起构成第二族元素,通常称之为碱土金属。用于精炼铁和钢的钙一般是合金或化合物,很少用金属钙。钙在铸铁生产中用做石墨的孕育剂和球化剂,在炼钢中为脱氧剂、脱硫剂和脱磷剂。 2.钙金属的物理性能和化学性能 2·1钙的物理性能表1示出了钙的主要物理性能
1. Introduction Calcium forms a group II element together with beryllium, magnesium, strontium, barium, and radium in the Periodic Table of Elements, commonly referred to as alkaline earth metals. Calcium for refining iron and steel is generally an alloy or compound, with little use of metallic calcium. Calcium is used as inoculant and nodulizer for graphite in the production of cast iron, as deoxidizer, desulphurizer and dephosphorizing agent in steelmaking. 2. Physical and Chemical Properties of Calcium Metals Physical Properties of Calcium Table 1 shows the main physical properties of calcium