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目的了解广东省居民恶性肿瘤死亡水平及变化趋势。方法对广东省1970—1972、1990—1992以及2004—2005年3次死因调查的恶性肿瘤死亡个案数据进行描述性流行病学分析,主要统计指标有死亡率、标化死亡率、死因构成及顺位。结果广东省1970—1972、1990—1992以及2004—2005年3次死因调查恶性肿瘤粗死亡率分别为52.23/10万、111.49/10万和135.93/10万,中标率分别为53.27/10万9、5.70/10万和94.50/10万。3次调查恶性肿瘤在全省全死因顺位分别排第3位、第2位、第1位。3次调查恶性肿瘤前5位死因分别是1970—1972年为肝癌、食管癌、鼻咽癌、胃癌和肺癌,1990—1992年为肝癌、食管癌、肺癌、胃癌和鼻咽癌,2004—2005年为肝癌、肺癌、胃癌、食管癌和结直肠癌。在3次调查中,肝癌一直居第1位(3次调查粗死亡率分别是11.03/10万、23.22/10万和37.02/10万,中标率分别是11.17/10万、20.57/10万和26.95/10万);肺癌、胃癌、结直肠癌位次逐渐前移,鼻咽癌位次逐渐后移。肝癌、肺癌、结直肠癌及女性乳腺癌死亡率呈逐渐上升趋势,宫颈癌呈下降趋势,鼻咽癌粗死亡率呈上升趋势,但标化率则呈下降趋势。死亡率差别分解法结果显示第2次调查恶性肿瘤死亡率较第1次升高有79.25%是由其他危险因素引起2,0.75%是由人口老化引起的,第3次调查与第2次调查相比则98.61%是由人口老化引起的。结论广东省居民恶性肿瘤死亡率从绝对性上升趋势转变为相对上升趋势,需根据不同癌种变化趋势以及死亡模式变化采取针对性措施。
Objective To understand the mortality and the trend of malignant tumor in Guangdong residents. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was performed on the data of deaths of malignant tumors from 1970-1972, 1990-1992 and 3 deaths from 2004 to 2005 in Guangdong Province. The main statistical indicators were mortality rate, standardized mortality rate, Bit. Results The crude mortality rates of malignant tumors from 1970-1972, 1990-1992 and 3 deaths from 2004 to 2005 in Guangdong Province were 52.23 / 100000, 111.49 / 100000 and 135.93 / 100000 respectively, the successful rates were 53.27 / 109 , 5.70 / 100,000 and 94.50 / 100,000 respectively. Three surveys of malignant tumors in the province all-cause rank ranked third, second, first. The top 5 causes of death from malignant tumors in the 3 surveys were liver cancer, esophageal cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, gastric cancer and lung cancer from 1970 to 1972 respectively. Liver cancer, esophageal cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer and nasopharyngeal cancer from 1990 to 1992 were investigated in 2004-2005 Years of liver cancer, lung cancer, stomach cancer, esophageal cancer and colorectal cancer. In the three surveys, HCC was ranked No. 1 (the crude death rates were 11.03 / 100,000, 23.22 / 100,000 and 37.02 / 100,000 respectively in the three surveys, and the successful rates were 11.17 / 100,000 and 20.57 / 100,000 respectively 26.95 / 100000). The rank of lung cancer, gastric cancer and colorectal cancer gradually progressed, and the order of NPC gradually shifted. Mortality of liver cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer and female breast cancer showed a gradual upward trend, cervical cancer showed a downward trend, crude mortality of nasopharyngeal carcinoma showed an upward trend, but the standardization rate showed a downward trend. The results of the differential mortality disaggregation show that the second survey found that 79.25% of the cancer mortality rates were increased from the first increase, and 2.75% were caused by other risk factors. The third survey and the second survey Compared to 98.61% is caused by the aging population. Conclusions The mortality rate of malignant tumor in Guangdong residents has changed from absolute increase to relative increase. Targeted measures should be taken according to the change trend of different cancer types and death patterns.