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尘肺是威胁工人健康,影响劳动生产力的严重职业病。为了使生产单位确当的使用和调配劳动力,以及维护工人健康,使患者得到相应的劳保待遇,因此,对所有确诊为尘肺的患者,进行劳动能力的鉴定是非常必要的。尘肺患者劳动能力鉴定的主要内容是进行尘肺代偿机能的评定,一般应根据临床症状、X线胸片影象,以及肺功能测定来综合评定。尘肺的常见临床症状有呼吸困难、咳嗽、胸闷、胸痛和咯痰,但其中只有呼吸困难是各种尘肺共有的症状,它是造成劳动能力减退或丧失的主要原因,也是通气功能损害及肺气肿严重程度的主要反映。一般来说,呼吸困难与肺功能的减低程度直接相关。Morgan对一组男性煤矿工人进行了对比观察,发现呼吸困难程度与第一秒时间肺活量(FEV_(1.0))有明显的平行关系(参见下表)。
Pneumoconiosis is a serious occupational disease that threatens the health of workers and affects labor productivity. In order for the production units to properly use and deploy the labor force and to safeguard the workers’ health so that the patients receive the corresponding labor protection, it is necessary for all patients diagnosed with pneumoconiosis to be able to work in the capacity. The main content of pneumoconiosis capacity assessment of workers is to carry out pneumoconiosis compensatory function assessment, the general should be based on clinical symptoms, X-ray images, and lung function to comprehensive assessment. The common clinical symptoms of pneumoconiosis are dyspnea, cough, chest tightness, chest pain and expectoration. However, only dyspnea is the common symptom of various pneumoconiosis, which is the main reason for the diminution or loss of working ability, as well as impairment of ventilatory function and lung qi The main reflection of the severity of swollen. In general, dyspnea is directly related to the degree of reduction in lung function. Morgan compared a group of male coal miners and found that there was a clear parallel between the degree of dyspnea and the vital capacity in the first second (FEV_ (1.0)) (see table below).