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目的:从血液流变学和红细胞膜组分的变化探讨丹参注射液改善老龄大鼠血瘀证的作用机制。方法:70～72周龄Wistar大鼠30只,雌雄各半,随机分为丹参注射液(按生药量计)高剂量组(4.4 g.kg-1)、低剂量组(1.1 g.kg-1)和模型组。另外10只青龄大鼠作为青龄对照组,ip给药14 d后,取血测定全血黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞变形指数以及红细胞膜各组分等指标。结果:与青龄对照组比较,模型组全血黏度显著升高(P<0.05),血浆黏度升高极显著(P<0.01);在200 s-1,500 s-1切变率下红细胞变形指数均降低极显著(P<0.01),1 000 s-1切变率下红细胞变形指数显著降低(P<0.05)。与模型组相比丹参注射液组能够显著降低老龄大鼠的全血黏度(P<0.01)和血浆黏度(P<0.05),明显提高红细胞变形能力(P<0.01);并且能显著增加老龄大鼠红细胞膜唾液酸含量和巯基含量(P<0.05),显著提高红细胞膜Na+-K+-ATP酶和SOD(超氧化物歧化酶)活性(P<0.01,P<0.01),降低MDA(丙二醛)水平(P<0.01)。结论:丹参注射液可能是通过增加红细胞膜表面唾液酸含量、影响膜上脂质代谢、提高机体抗氧化能力,以及改变膜上负电荷荷电量等方面来改善老龄大鼠的血液流变学特性。
Objective: To investigate the mechanism of Salvia Miltiorrhiza injection in improving blood stasis syndrome in aged rats from the aspects of hemorrheology and changes of erythrocyte membrane components. Methods: Thirty Wistar rats (70-72 weeks old) were randomly divided into three groups: high dose group (4.4 g.kg-1), low dose group (1.1 g.kg- 1) and model group. Another 10 young adults as the age-old control group, ip administration of 14 d, take blood for determination of whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, erythrocyte deformability index and the various components of the erythrocyte membrane and other indicators. Results: Compared with the control group, the whole blood viscosity increased significantly (P <0.05) and the plasma viscosity increased significantly (P <0.01). In the 200 s-1, 500 s-1 shear rate, the erythrocyte deformation index (P <0.01). The index of erythrocyte deformation was significantly lower at 1 000 s-1 shear rate (P <0.05). Compared with model group, Salvia miltiorrhiza injection group could significantly reduce whole blood viscosity (P <0.01) and plasma viscosity (P <0.05), significantly improve erythrocyte deformability (P <0.01), and significantly increase the effect of aging (P <0.01, P <0.01), and decreased the content of MDA (P <0.01). The contents of sialic acid and sulfhydryl in rat erythrocyte membrane (P < Aldehyde) levels (P <0.01). Conclusion: Salvia miltiorrhiza injection may improve the hemorheology of aged rats by increasing the sialic acid content on the surface of erythrocyte membranes, affecting the lipid metabolism on the membrane, increasing the body’s antioxidant capacity, and changing the negative charge on the membrane .