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“口述性”是由非洲本土学者提出的一个文学术语,用以描述当代非洲文学中突出的哲思表征和叙事特色。非洲现代文学之父钦努阿·阿契贝是其具代表性的倡导者和实践者。在非洲文化传统中,对声音的亲近和推崇与群体性的自我意识密切相关。阿契贝借助口述性将这种本土的经验与哲思在文学写作中进行了传达。本文以他的长篇小说为对象,借助民俗学表演理论,考察了口述性在文本中的叙事形态和功能,包括口述性表演框架所带入的群体性和新生性特征。口述性所携带的强大的本土文化基因和顺应全球化背景下文化交流需求的建构力,构成了阿契贝重新缔造非洲大陆文学文化传统的思想基础和灵感之源。
“Orality ” is a literary term proposed by indigenous scholars in Africa to describe prominent philosophical representations and narrative features in contemporary African literature. Chinuua Akhebe, the father of modern African literature, is a representative advocate and practitioner. In African cultural traditions, closeness and respect to sound are closely related to mass self-awareness. Akhebe conveyed this native experience and philosophical thinking through literary writing. This article, based on his novels, examines the narrative form and function of orality in the text, including the group and newborn features brought by the oral performance framework. The strong indigenous cultural genes and the constructive power that conform to the needs of cultural exchanges in the context of globalization constitute the source of ideas and inspiration for Akchi to re-establish the traditions of the African continent’s literature and culture.