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古地震是利用地质学和考古学的方法研究史前时期至19世纪末,强烈地震在地表和沉积物中所产生的变形遗迹,用以确定古地震的震中位置、地震强度和发震年代。1980年5月在美国哥伦比亚大学拉蒙特-多尔蒂地质观象台举办的“地震预报讨论会”之后,会议负责人组织了圣安德烈斯断层带古地震遗迹的现场考察,美国地质学家在第四纪地层中进行槽探,发掘第四纪地层中的古断层,以区分古地震,并鉴定出古地震发生的年
The ancient earthquakes are geologic and archaeological methods to study the deformations of the earthquakes and sediments produced during the prehistoric to the late 19th century in order to determine the epicenter location, seismic intensity and seismogenic age of the ancient earthquakes. After the “Earthquake Prediction Symposium” organized by the Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory of Columbia University in May 1980, the person in charge of the conference organized an on-site investigation of the ancient earthquakes in the San Andres Fault Zone. The American geologists Quaternary stratigraphy for trenching, excavation of Quaternary stratigraphy of the ancient fault to distinguish the ancient earthquakes, and identify the occurrence of the ancient earthquake