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本文基于语料库考察了过去一个世纪英语情态动词can之否定形式口语体can’t和书面语体can-not使用频率变化的历史过程。研究结果发现:首先,从20世纪初期高频率使用正式的书面体形式cannot到21世纪初大量使用非正式口语体形式can’t表明,近一个世纪以来英语口语化趋势明显,其中美国英语的口语化进程快于英国英语;其次,can之否定式在口语化进程中曾出现与其书面语相互竞争、相互僵持的局面;最后,情态动词can否定式的口语化倾向在各种语体/语域中均有体现。文章最后结合社会和历史因素阐释了美国英语中情态动词can否定式的口语化倾向。相关研究结论开拓了语言变化研究的新视野,对了解中国英语学习者在英语书面语中出现的口语化倾向提供了新思路。
Based on the corpus, this paper examines the historical process of the change of the frequency of can-not writing in the past century with the negation of the can-not form of the English modal verb can-not. The results show that: first, from the early 20th century, the use of high-frequency formal written form can not be the beginning of the 21st century to use a large number of non-formal oral colloquial can not show that the past century, colloquial English obvious trend, including American English spoken Second, can negate in the process of colloquialism has appeared with their written language competition and mutual stalemate; Finally, the modal verb can negate the tendency of colloquialism in a variety of style / language domain Have reflected. In the end, the article expounds the negation tendency of modal verb can in American English with social and historical factors. Relevant findings have opened up a new horizon of linguistic change research and provided new ideas for understanding the colloquial tendencies of Chinese EFL learners in written English.