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原产于亚洲的异色瓢虫[Harmonia axyridis Pallas(Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)]是最重要的捕食性瓢虫种类之一,被广泛应用于农林业害虫的生物防治。通过室内给予异色瓢虫两种不同的食物(豆蚜、菜蚜)的饲养,观察其生物学特性(如生活史、食性、龄期变化、羽化时间及产卵数量等)的区别,研究发现,对于给予不同的食物饲养,异色瓢虫会表现出某些差异性的生物学特性。二龄、三龄其历期各组都为3~5d,无区别;但以菜蚜饲养的异色瓢虫四龄、蛹期历时分别为7~11d、9~12d,而以豆蚜饲养的分别为9~11d、8~11d;异色瓢虫蛹的羽化率以菜蚜饲养:以豆蚜饲养为100%:95%;在产卵方面,以菜蚜饲养的异色瓢虫平均19粒/块、小于300粒/头,而以豆蚜饲养的异色瓢虫产卵平均大于22粒/块、大于600粒/头,在总体特性方面也有明显区别。另外,对以菜蚜饲养的异色瓢虫成活时间平均都在60d左右,而以豆蚜饲养的成活时间平均都在90d左右。研究表明,给予豆蚜饲养异色瓢虫优势略大于以菜蚜饲养。在得出结果后本文并对异色瓢虫在农业生产特别是果园、菜地、温室花卉上的应用前景作了讨论,指出异色瓢虫是一种很有利用前景和产业化生产价值的天敌生物。
Originated from Asia, Harmonia axyridis Pallas (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is one of the most important predatory ladybugs and is widely used in the biological control of agroforestry pests. The difference of biological characteristics (such as life history, diet, age, emergence time, number of spawning, etc.) was observed by feeding two different kinds of food (Aphis citricola and Aphis gossypii) It has been found that C. heterochinae displays some differential biological properties for different feeding of food. The second instar and third instar lasted from 3 to 5 days in each group, but the fourth instar larvae fed on the cabbage aphids lasted for 7 ~ 11 d and 9 ~ 12 d respectively, Were 9 ~ 11d, 8 ~ 11d respectively. The emergence rate of C. heterophylla pupae was fed on aphids: 100%: 95% on bee venom; in terms of oviposition, 19 grains per piece, less than 300 grains per head, whereas the ladybugs fed with aphids had oviposition average more than 22 grains per piece and greater than 600 grains per head, with obvious differences in overall characteristics. In addition, the average survival time of C. heterophyllae fed on aphids was about 60 days, while the average survival time of the feeding on aphids was about 90 days. Studies have shown that giving aphids aphid feeding heterophoria slightly greater advantages than cabbage aphid feeding. After obtaining the results, this paper also discussed the application prospects of Harmonia axyridis in agricultural production, especially in orchards, vegetable fields, greenhouse flowers, and pointed out that Harmonia axyridis is a promising and industrial production value Natural enemy creatures.