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一、引言金属热处理是机械制造业的重要组成部分,它直接关系到产品质量和使用寿命。由于加热,金属材料产生氧化、脱碳、吸收气体,使材料的质量受到影响。例如:在汽车制造中,因氧化烧损的材料占整个零件重量的7.5％,即每台载重汽车损耗优质钢材40～50公斤;由于脱碳,钢的机械性能显著降低,如脱碳使弹簧的弯曲疲劳强度降低30％;为清除氧化皮则又花费不少的人力、物力;对于那些热处理后不再加工或表面要求光亮的零件矛盾更为突出。随着国防和尖端科学技术的发展,对金属材料热处理质量的要求愈来愈严格,因此,如何减少和防止金属热处理的氧化、脱碳,就显得格外重要了。
First, the introduction Metal heat treatment is an important part of the machinery manufacturing industry, which is directly related to product quality and service life. Due to heating, the metal material produces oxidation, decarburization, gas absorption, the quality of the material affected. For example, in automobile manufacturing, the material burned by oxidative oxidation accounts for 7.5% of the weight of the whole part, that is, 40-50 kg of high-quality steel is consumed by each truck. Due to the decarburization, the mechanical properties of the steel are significantly reduced, Bending fatigue strength reduced by 30%; for the removal of the oxide skin is spent a lot of manpower and material resources; for those who no longer heat treatment or processing requirements of the surface of the bright contradictions even more prominent. With the development of national defense and cutting-edge science and technology, the requirements on the quality of heat treatment of metal materials are becoming more and more stringent. Therefore, it is especially important to reduce and prevent the oxidation and decarbonization of metal heat treatment.