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目的掌握河南省居民急性胃肠炎的流行病学负担,为制定合理、有效的卫生政策提供科学依据。方法选择周口市、郑州市、濮阳市作为监测点,2014年4月-2015年3月开展为期12个月的社区人群入户调查,询问调查对象过去4周的急性肠胃炎发病情况。结果获得有效调查问卷共5 433份,河南省急性胃肠炎加权月患病率为1.23%,年发病率为0.13次/人年;就诊率为70.64%;住院率、病原检测率为零;85.33%的患者服用抗生素;66.74%的患者自诉曾食用过受污染食物。结论河南省居民急性胃肠炎发病率低于全国平均水平,在就医过程中存在病原检测率过低和抗生素不规范使用的问题;为获取高质量的食源性疾病监测数据,应进一步建立健全食源性疾病监测体系。
Objective To grasp the epidemiological burden of acute gastroenteritis in Henan Province and provide a scientific basis for formulating a reasonable and effective health policy. Methods Zhoukou, Zhengzhou and Puyang were selected as monitoring sites. From April 2014 to March 2015, a 12-month community-based household survey was conducted to inquire the respondents about the incidence of acute gastroenteritis in the past 4 weeks. Results A total of 5 433 valid questionnaires were obtained. The prevalence of acute gastroenteritis in Henan Province was 1.23% on a monthly basis and the annual incidence was 0.13 times / person; the rate of visiting was 70.64%; the rate of hospitalization and pathogen detection was zero; 85.33% of patients taking antibiotics; 66.74% of patients have consumed contaminated food in private prosecution. Conclusion The incidence of acute gastroenteritis in Henan Province is lower than the national average. There is a problem of low detection rate of pathogens and non-standard use of antibiotics in the process of medical treatment. To obtain high-quality monitoring data of foodborne diseases, we should further establish and improve Foodborne disease surveillance system.