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目的分析北方某典型大气污染城市(M市)冬季降水的阴离子成分及对发光菌生物活性的影响。方法于2011-2012年冬季采暖期采集冬季降水,分别采用酸度计、电导率仪、离子色谱仪对样品进行指标检测。并用智能生物毒性测试仪观察降水对明亮发光杆菌(Photobacterium phosphoreum)T3变种生物活性的影响。结果采集到的11次冬季降水的pH变化范围为6.51～8.38,平均值为7.26,电导率的变化范围为192.2～1 343.0μS/cm,平均值为803.0μS/cm,SO42-的平均值为69.20 mg/L,Cl-的平均值为16.20 mg/L,NO3-的平均值为2.28 mg/L,F-的平均值为1.24mg/L。11次降水4种阴离子浓度大小顺序均为SO42->Cl->NO3->F-。M市冬季降水导致的发光菌发光损失率为4.31%～16.09%,平均值为10.12%。结论 M市冬季降水整体为中性偏碱,最主要的阴离子成分为SO42-,冬季取暖燃料的燃烧可能是其重要的来源。冬季降水对发光菌的生物活性产生了轻微的抑制作用。
Objective To analyze the winter precipitation anions in a typical air pollution city (M city) in northern China and its effect on the bioactivity of photobacterium. Methods Winter precipitation was collected in the winter heating period from 2011 to 2012. The samples were measured by acidity meter, conductivity meter and ion chromatography. The effect of precipitation on the biological activity of Photobacterium phosphoreum T3 was observed with a smart bio-toxicity tester. Results The 11 winter precipitation collected varied from 6.51 to 8.38 with an average of 7.26. The conductivity ranged from 192.2 to 1 343.0 μS / cm with an average of 803.0 μS / cm. The average values of SO42- were 69.20 mg / L, Cl- averaged 16.20 mg / L, NO3- averaged 2.28 mg / L and F- averaged 1.24 mg / L. The order of the four anion concentrations in the 11 rainfalls was SO42-> Cl-> NO3-> F-. The luminous loss rate of luminescent bacteria caused by winter precipitation in M city was 4.31% ~ 16.09% with the average value of 10.12%. Conclusion The overall winter precipitation in M city is neutral and alkaline, and the most important anion is SO42-. The heating of winter heating fuel may be an important source. Precipitation in winter had a slight inhibitory effect on the biological activity of photobacteria.