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概述了承德地区春播芝麻的主要种植区域及主栽品种;对该地区芝麻的主要病虫害种类和发生规律进行了调查,结果显示,承德地区春播芝麻病虫害的发生呈现“两头重,中间轻”的特点,即前期和后期病虫害发生较重,中期基本无病虫害发生。其中,前期主要是蛴螬、金针虫、地老虎等地下害虫在播种期进行为害,豆芫菁在幼苗期进行为害;后期主要是叶枯病、叶斑病、褐斑病和枯萎病发生严重。并根据该区病虫害发生规律,提出了选用抗病品种、确立高效栽培模式以及化学防治等病虫害防治措施。
The main planting areas and main cultivars of spring sesame in Chengde were summarized. The main pests and diseases of sesame in this area were investigated. The results showed that the incidence of sesame pests in spring was " The characteristics of early and late pests and diseases occurred heavier, the basic no pests and diseases occurred. Among them, the early stage is mainly catfish, groundworm, tiger and other underground pests in the sowing period of damage, bean melon in the seedling stage of damage; late mainly leaf blight, leaf spot, brown spot and fusarium wilt. According to the occurrence of pests and diseases in the area, the paper proposed the selection of disease-resistant varieties, establishment of efficient cultivation mode and prevention and control of pests and diseases such as chemical control.