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公元1601年(明·万历二十九年),中国皇帝第一次允许不是外交使节,而是以私人身份来京觐见的人,是著名的意大利耶苏会传教士利马窦(Mathieu Ricci,1552～1610)。此前他已自澳门入居广东肇庆、韶州、南昌等地10余年,数次请求来京,都未获许可。这次获准来京却是因为贡品中有一台自鸣钟得到万历
AD 1601 (Ming Wanli twenty-nine years), the Chinese emperor for the first time allowed not to diplomatic envoys, but to personally come to Beijing to see people, is the famous Italian Jesu missionary Mathieu Ricci (Mathieu Ricci, 1552-1610). Prior to that he had been living in Macao Zhaoqing, Shaozhou, Nanchang and other places more than 10 years, several requests to Beijing, have not been permitted. The permission to come to Beijing this time is because there is one of the tributes to get Wanli