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自20世纪80年代以来,中国的社会史研究逐步复兴。尤其是最近十余年,伴随着史学界“眼光向下”的呼声,一大批学者开始把视野投向基层或民间社会,提倡用新的理论、新的视角研究中国历史,探讨诸如大众生活、民间信仰、基层社会结构、基层权力关系之类的问题,乡村社会史研究随之勃兴,并日益受到学界重视。在这一背景下,传统的政治制度史研究的焦点也逐渐下移,开始转向地方政治或基层社会,乡村政治的研究日益受到学界的关注。
Since the 1980s, the study of social history in China has been gradually revived. Especially in the recent ten years or so, with the call of historiography and “looking down”, a large number of scholars have begun to look beyond the grassroots or civil society to promote the study of Chinese history with new theories and new perspectives, and explore issues such as popular life , Folk beliefs, social structure at the grassroots level, and grass-roots power relations. The research on rural social history is booming and is increasingly valued by academic circles. In this context, the focus of the study of the history of the traditional political system has gradually shifted down, and the study of local politics or grassroots society and rural politics has increasingly drawn the attention of the academic circles.