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和田地区位于新疆维吾尔自治区最南端,地处塔克拉玛干沙漠西南缘,属干旱荒漠性气候,年均降水量只有35毫米,年均蒸发量高达2480毫米,总面积24.78万平方公里,其中山地占33.3%,沙漠戈壁占63%,绿洲仅占3.7%,且被沙漠和戈壁分割成大小不等的300多块。一、林地保护利用现状及存在的问题1.林地质量不高,生产力低下。受周边沙化土地影响,绿洲内部土地沙化现象十分严重,沙化耕地广泛分布,农田林网和经济林木处于沙化土地的威胁之下。沙化土地的存在导致土壤养分缺乏,保水保肥能力低下,林木生长力下降,林地生产力处于低效状态,林地生产力、森林质量的提高仍有较大空间。2.水资源匮乏,影响林地保护利用。随着全区工农业发展步伐的加快,再加上流域用水配额限制,地表水难以满足区域
Hotan region is located in the southernmost tip of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, is located in the southwestern Taklimakan Desert, is arid desert climate, with an average annual rainfall of only 35 mm, the average annual evaporation of up to 2480 mm, with a total area of 247,800 square kilometers, of which 33.3% , Desert Gobi accounted for 63%, oasis only accounted for 3.7%, and was divided into deserts and deserts ranging in size from more than 300 pieces. First, the status of the protection and utilization of woodland and the existing problems 1. Woodland quality is not high, low productivity. Affected by the surrounding desertified land, land desertification in the oasis is very serious. Sandy cultivated land is widely distributed. Farmland forest nets and economic trees are under the threat of desertified land. The existence of sandy land leads to the lack of soil nutrients, low water and fertilizer retention capacity, reduced forest growth capacity and inefficient woodland productivity. There is still room for improvement of forest productivity and forest quality. 2. Water shortage, affecting the protection and utilization of woodland. With the accelerating pace of industrial and agricultural development in the region, coupled with the watershed quota restrictions, surface water is difficult to meet the region