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Mineral deposits are unevenly distributed in the Earth’s crust, which is closely related to the formation and evolution of the Earth. In the early history of the Earth, controlled by the gravitational contraction and thermal expansion, lighter elements, such as radioactive, halogen-family, rare and rare earth elements and alkali metals, migrated upwards; whereas heavier elements, such as iron-family and platinum-family elements, base metals and noble metals, had a tendency of sinking to the Earth’s core, so that the elements iron, nickel, gold and silver are mainly concentrated in the Earth’s core. However, during the formation of the stratified structure of the Earth, the existence of temperature, pressure and viscosity differences inside and outside the Earth resulted in vertical material movement manifested mainly by cascaded evolution of mantle plumes in the Earth. The stratifications and vertical movement of the Earth were interdependent and constituted the motive force of the mantle-core movement.
Mineral deposits are unevenly distributed in the Earth’s crust, which is closely related to the formation and evolution of the earth. In the early history of the Earth, controlled by the gravitational contraction and thermal expansion, lighter elements, such as radioactive, halogen-family , rare and rare earth elements and alkali metals, migrated upwards; but heavier elements, such as iron-family and platinum-family elements, base metals and noble metals, had a tendency of sinking to the Earth’s core, so that the elements iron, However, during the formation of the stratified structure of the Earth, the existence of temperature, pressure and viscosity differences inside and outside the Earth resulted in vertical material movement manifested mainly by cascaded evolution of mantle plumes in the Earth. The stratifications and vertical movement of the Earth were interdependent and composed of the motive force of the man tle-core movement.