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目的探讨受助人员的社会支持、应付方式、及其对心理健康的影响情况。方法随机抽取180名男性受助人员和172名一般情况与受助人员组基本匹配的健康(SCL-90<160分)男性自愿者,运用社会支持评定量表、应付方式问卷和SCL-90症状自评量表进行问卷调查,并作对照及相关分析。结果受助人员组在社会支持总分、客观支持、主观支持和对支持的利用度得分都明显低于对照组(P<0.01);在解决问题和求助的应付方式得分明显低于对照组(P<0.01),在责的应付方式得分明显高于对照组(P<0.01),而在幻想、退避和合理化应付方式得分和对照组差异无显著性(P>0.05);SCL-90总分以及各因子得分都明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。客观支持、自责、解决问题、合理化4个指标对SCL-90总分有显著性影响(P<0.01)。结论受助人员个体在社会中受尊重、被支持、被理解的情感体验和满意程度以及对社会支持的利用度较低,在应激过程中的积极主动性较差,较少使用解决问题和求助这类积极的应付方式,其情绪和行为均缺乏稳定性,心理健康水平较低。并且,不同的社会支持及应付方式与心理健康水平具有一定的相关性。
Objective To explore the social support, coping style and psychological health of the recipients. Methods A total of 180 male recipients and 172 healthy male volunteers (SCL-90 <160 points) were recruited. The social support rating scale, coping style questionnaire and SCL-90 symptoms were randomly selected. Self-rating questionnaire survey and control and related analysis. Results The scores of coping groups in the total score of social support, objective support, subjective support and support for utilization were significantly lower than those in the control group (P <0.01); the scores of coping styles in solving problems and seeking help were significantly lower than those in the control group (P <0.01), but there was no significant difference in the fantasy, withdrawal and rationalization coping styles and the control group (P> 0.05); SCL-90 total score The score of each factor was significantly higher than that of the control group (P <0.01). Objective support, self-blame, problem-solving, rationalization of the four indicators of SCL-90 total score had a significant impact (P <0.01). Conclusion Individuals of beneficiaries are respected and supported in society. Emotional experience and degree of satisfaction of understanding and low utilization of social support are less active in the process of stress, less use of problem-solving and Seeking such a positive coping style, the lack of stability of their emotions and behavior, mental health is low. And, different social support and coping styles and mental health have some relevance.