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本研究旨在探讨人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)16感染与宫颈病变的关系,为宫颈癌防治提供科学依据。通过核酸杂交法进行HPV感染分型,纳入1 057例HPV阳性且行组织切片病理学检查的患者,对各级别宫颈病变中HPV16构成比、不同年龄组HPV16阳性患者中宫颈上皮内瘤样病变(cervical intraepithelial neoplasia,CIN)Ⅱ及以上病变的患病率,以及HPV16单一与多重感染患者中CINⅡ及以上病变的患病率进行分析。结果显示,在1 057例HPV阳性患者中,352例感染HPV16,CINⅢ中HPV16构成比最高,各级别病变中HPV16构成比差异有统计学意义。随着病变级别增加,HPV16构成比有增高趋势(P<0.05)。不同年龄组HPV16阳性患者中CINⅡ及以上病变的患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且随年龄增加而升高(P<0.05)。HPV16单一、双重与三重以上感染患者中,CINⅡ及以上病变的患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且随着感染型别种类增加,患病率降低(P<0.05)。本研究显示,HPV16与高级别宫颈病变有较明显的相关性,老年HPV16阳性患者检出宫颈癌的概率更高。因此,应高度重视HPV16持续性感染,做到及时诊断与治疗,以减少宫颈高级别病变和宫颈癌的发生。
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 infection and cervical lesions and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer. HPV subtypes were detected by nucleic acid hybridization and enrolled 1 057 cases of HPV positive and histopathological examination. The results showed that the ratio of HPV16 in cervical lesions at different levels, the cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in different age groups of HPV16 positive patients (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, CIN) II and above, and the prevalence of CIN II and above lesions in patients with HPV16 single and multiple infections. The results showed that among the 1 057 HPV-positive patients, HPV16 was the most abundant in 352 cases of HPV16 and CINⅢ, and the ratio of HPV16 in each grade was statistically different. As the lesion level increased, the composition ratio of HPV16 tended to increase (P <0.05). The prevalence of CINⅡ and above in HPV16-positive patients of different age groups was significantly different (P <0.05), and increased with age (P <0.05). The prevalence of CIN Ⅱ and above lesions in patients with HPV16 single, double or triple infection was significantly different (P <0.05), and the prevalence was lower with the infection type (P <0.05). This study shows that there is a clear correlation between HPV16 and high-grade cervical lesions, and elderly HPV16-positive patients have a higher probability of detecting cervical cancer. Therefore, we should attach great importance to HPV16 persistent infection, timely diagnosis and treatment to reduce the high-grade cervical lesions and cervical cancer.