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為了要展開塑性力學各方面的研究工作,對於塑性應力應變理論的深入了解是有必要的。這樣可以使應用理論時易於選擇簡單而適當的理論,並且有助於進一步進行关於塑性應力應變关系理論的研究工作。 本文對於室溫下主要的塑性應力應變關係的理論方面和實驗方面作了一個簡單的介紹。包括屈瑞斯加(Tresca)的屈伏條件,生文南(Saint-Venant)、勒維(Lévy)、米塞司(von Mises)、普朗脱爾-勞埃斯(Prandtl-Reuss)、汉基(Hencky)、納達依(Nadai)、依留辛(形變)、普拉格(Prager)、漠得門-林-普拉格(Handelman-Lin-Prager)、普拉格-杜勒格(Prager-Drucker)、巴道爾夫(Batdorf)和布第揚斯基(Budiansky)、考依脱(Koiter)、珊特司(Sanders)、依留辛(增量)等理論。此外還對有關理論的各種主要实驗結果作了簡單的報導。最後並討論了各種類型理論的相互间之關係。
In order to carry out various aspects of plasticity mechanics research, a deep understanding of plastic stress-strain theory is necessary. This makes it easy to choose a simple and appropriate theory to apply the theory and helps to further the work on the theory of plastic stress-strain relations. In this paper, a brief introduction is given to the theoretical and experimental aspects of the main plastic stress-strain relationship at room temperature. Including the conditions of flexion and depression of Tresca, Saint-Venant, Lévy, von Mises, Prandtl-Reuss, Hencky, Nadai, Ilyushin (deformation), Prager, Handelman-Lin-Prager, Prager- Prager-Drucker, Batdorf and Budiansky, Koiter, Sanders, and Reynolds (incremental). In addition, a brief report on the main experimental results of the theory has been made. Finally, we discuss the relationship between various types of theories.