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目前,实现半导体纳米粒子的大小、形状可控是调控半导体纳米粒子光电等性能的重要手段。利用有机物,特别是有机高分子聚合物可以对纳米粒子进行控制。聚合物可以提供稳定的空间,限制纳米粒子的继续生长,防止粒子的聚集、沉淀。此外,聚合物还可以钝化材料,为粒子提供良好的表面状态。其中树状大分子因为具有独特的结构,特别适合做金属纳米粒子的主体。通过树状大分子的封装或包裹,纳米级的金属原子簇或胶体粒子保持稳定。用于树枝状大分子保护的金属簇(化合物)纳米粒子的制备研究主要采用PAMAM多代树状大分子。按照文献的方法,合成3.5 G PAMAM树状大分子做保护剂,从而制备了CdS纳米粒子,得到的粒子大小均匀。本文同时考察了3.5 G PAMAM与CdS不同物质的量比时对制得的纳米粒子的大小、尺寸的影响情况。
At present, realizing the size and shape control of the semiconductor nano-particles is an important means for regulating the opto-electronic properties of the semiconductor nano-particles. The use of organic materials, especially organic polymers can control the nanoparticles. The polymer can provide a stable space to limit the continued growth of the nanoparticles and prevent the aggregation and precipitation of the particles. In addition, the polymer can passivate the material to provide particles with a good surface condition. Among them, the dendrimer is particularly suitable for the main body of metal nanoparticles because of its unique structure. Nanoclusters of metal clusters or colloidal particles remain stable through the encapsulation or encapsulation of dendrimers. The preparation of metal cluster (compound) nanoparticles for dendrimer protection mainly uses PAMAM multi-generation dendrimer. According to the literature method, 3.5 G PAMAM dendrimer was synthesized as protective agent to prepare CdS nanoparticles, and the obtained particles were uniform in size. In this paper, we also investigated the influence of the amount ratio of 3.5 G PAMAM and CdS on the size and size of the prepared nanoparticles.