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Vigna minima是豇豆属中的野生种,国内研究报道较少。本研究对搜集到的V.minima野生资源的地理分布、原生境主要性状、遗传多样性及其与野生小豆、栽培小豆性状间的差异进行了分析。结果表明:(1)搜集到的45份V.minima野生资源来源于辽宁、天津、河北、山东和北京等省、直辖市,资源在粒色、子粒大小、植株形态等方面变异丰富。(2)与栽培小豆相比,V.minima株型大,上胚轴短,叶片小,荚果细短,炸荚性强,荚色深,子粒小,粒色多样。植株和子粒性状与野生小豆相近,但种脐突出明显,且种脐长。(3)V.minima与栽培小豆间亲缘关系较远,而与野生小豆间亲缘关系较近。(4)不同地域间V.minima遗传多样性丰富,同一地域内不同材料间也存在遗传差异。
Vigna minima is a wild species in cowpea, less reported in domestic research. In this study, we analyzed the geographical distribution of V.minima wild resources, the main in-situ traits, genetic diversity and their differences with wild adzuki bean and cultivated adzuki bean. The results showed that: (1) 45 wild V.minima resources were collected from Liaoning, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong and Beijing and other provinces and municipalities, and their resources were rich in variation in grain size, grain size and plant morphology. (2) Compared with the cultivated adzuki bean, V.minima has a large plant type, short hypocotyls, small leaves, short and pod pods, strong pods, dark pods, small grains and various grain colors. Plant and grain traits and wild adzuki bean similar, but the kind of prominent umbilical, and the kind of long umbilical. (3) V.minima is more distantly related to cultivated adzuki bean and closer to the wild adzuki bean. (4) V. minima is rich in genetic diversity among different regions, and there are also genetic differences among different materials within the same region.