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美国爱达荷福尔斯爱达荷国家工程和环境实验室开发了维氏硬度在1600以上的结晶态纳米复合钢(DNC钢)。据称,DNC钢具有纳米复合显微结构,以及纳米晶相的密切混合物,可获得极高的硬度。在DNC钢中,其凝固动力学是起着变化的,所以钢在凝固过程中,形成非晶显微结构。通过热处理,这种显微结构可迅速由玻璃态变成结晶态。在由玻璃态变为结晶态的过程中,钢中形成了纳米晶相的密切混合物。怎样无需进一步的热处理即形成极高的硬度。这种结晶机理不同于在热处理过程中通过马氏体反应获得硬度的常规钢的硬化机理。
Idaho Falls, Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory has developed crystalline nano-composite steel (DNC steel) with a Vickers hardness above 1600. Allegedly, DNC steel with nanocomposite microstructure, as well as the close mixture of nanocrystalline phase, can obtain extremely high hardness. In DNC steel, its solidification kinetics is changing, so the steel in the solidification process, the formation of amorphous microstructure. By heat treatment, this microstructure can rapidly change from the glassy state to the crystalline state. During the transition from the glassy state to the crystalline state, an intimate mixture of nanocrystalline phases is formed in the steel. How to form a very high hardness without further heat treatment. This crystallization mechanism is different from that of the conventional steel obtained by the martensite reaction during the heat treatment.