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随着现代心理学和教育学研究的深入,人们逐渐认识到:教学不是简单的知识传递过程,而是知识的处理和转换过程。上世纪50年代,前苏联幼教研究工作者把“学前教学”这一概念引入幼儿园,形成了以作业为基本组织形式的幼儿园教学活动模式。集体教学是我国幼儿园的传统教学组织形式,源于前苏联学前教育学的影响。教学被看做智育的主要手段,学习被看做接受由教师预先建构好的知识体系的过程。因此,这种接受面广、效率高的集体教学,就被视为传授这种预先建构好的知识体系的“捷径”。
With the development of modern psychology and pedagogy, people gradually realized that teaching is not a simple process of knowledge transfer, but a process of knowledge processing and conversion. In the 1950s, the researchers of preschool education in the former Soviet Union introduced the concept of “pre-school teaching” into kindergarten, forming a kindergarten teaching activity mode with homework as the basic organizational form. Collective teaching is the traditional teaching organization form of kindergarten in our country, which is derived from the influence of preschool education in the former Soviet Union. Teaching is seen as the main means of intellectual education, learning is seen as a process of accepting pre-constructed knowledge systems by teachers. Therefore, this widely accepted and efficient collective teaching is regarded as a “shortcut” to impart this pre-constructed knowledge system.