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国内六城市癫痫流行病学调查的结果表明,其患病率为4.6‰,频繁的癫痫发作会影响病人的智力,癫痫持续状态的死亡率高达20％。因此如何提高癫痫的治愈率与对癲痫发作的控制率,并力求降低药物的副作用便成为癫痫药物治疗的中心。 一、几种抗痫药物简介 (一)苯妥英 从1938年开始用于临床,因其效果好、副作用小,价格便宜,至今仍为主要的AED。一般用其钠盐即苯妥英钠(DPH),DPH主要在十二指肠吸收,很少发生吸收障碍,吸收率可达90％以上。用量成人300～400毫克/日,儿童4～7毫克/公斤/日,服药5～7天达有效血浓度10～20微克/毫升。半衰期至今不明,一般认为是24小时,故可一日顿服。
The epidemiological survey of epilepsy in six cities in China showed that the prevalence was 4.6 ‰. Frequent epileptic seizures affected the intelligence of patients and the mortality rate of epileptic seizures was as high as 20%. Therefore, how to improve the cure rate of epilepsy and control rate of seizures, and strive to reduce the side effects of drugs has become the epilepsy drug treatment center. First, several antiepileptic drugs Introduction (A) phenytoin used in clinical since 1938, because of its good effect, side effects, the price is cheap, is still the main AED. The general sodium sodium phenytoin (DPH), DPH mainly absorbed in the duodenum, rarely occurs in absorption disorders, the absorption rate of up to 90%. Dosage Adults 300 to 400 mg / day, children 4 to 7 mg / kg / day, taking 5 to 7 days effective blood concentration of 10 to 20 micrograms / milliliter. Half-life is unknown, generally considered to be 24 hours, it can be a Dayton clothing.