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在抗日战争胜利50周年纪念日到来之际,谨就抗日战争史宣传和研究中的几个问题谈谈管见。 一、应充分估计和大力宣传第二次国共合作对两党所造成的积极影响,为国共第三次合作大造舆论 第二次国共合作在中国历史上的作用是巨大的,对国共两党都产生了积极的影响。过去,我们对国共第二次合作对中国革命、对共产党的影响的研究和宣传是很有力度的,但是在它对国民党的积极影响的研究和宣传却很不够。一方面,我们强调,第二次国共合作使共产党组织、人民军队和敌后解放区都得到了巨大发展,不仅夺得了抗战的胜利,而且为后来打败蒋介石夺取民主革命的胜利奠定了基础。另一方面,国民党则把它在大陆的失败与第二次国共合作联系起来,认为与共产党再度合作是一个“根本错误”,“明知其为阴谋而依然中计”(蒋介石:《苏俄在中国》)。由于这次合作使中共“坐大”发展,最后颠覆了国民政府。这就容易造成一种误解:共产党占了第二次合作的便宜,国民党则上当吃亏。
At the dawn of the 50th anniversary of the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, I would like to talk about the several issues in the propaganda and study of the history of the Anti-Japanese War. First, we should fully estimate and vigorously publicize the positive impact of the second Kuomintang-Communist cooperation on the two parties, and make consensus for the third cooperation between Kuomintang and Communist Party. The second Kuomintang-Communist cooperation in the history of China is tremendous. Had a positive impact. In the past, we did a great job of researching and publicizing the influence of the second KMT-CPC cooperation on the Chinese revolution and the Communist Party, but it did not study and publicize its positive influence on the Kuomintang well. On the one hand, we emphasize that the second cooperation between the KMT and the CPC brought tremendous development to the Communist organizations, the people’s army and the liberated areas behind the enemy areas. It not only won the victory of the war, but also laid the foundation for later defeat of Chiang Kai-shek to win the democratic revolution. On the other hand, the KMT linked its failure on the mainland with the second cooperation between the KMT and the CPC and believed that cooperation with the Communist Party once again was a “fundamental mistake” and that “it is still a merit in knowing that it is a conspiracy” (Chiang Kai-shek: “Soviet Russia China”). As a result of this cooperation, the “big sit-in” development of the CCP has finally overturned the national government. This easily led to a misunderstanding: the Communist Party accounted for the second cooperation cheaper, while the KMT deserved to suffer.