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目的探讨老年与非老年组患者慢性咳嗽病因构成及咳嗽严重程度。方法 58例老年和82例非老年不明原因慢性咳嗽患者,按照慢性咳嗽的解剖学诊断程序,根据病史、体格检查、实验室检查及相关辅助检查明确病因,咳嗽积分评价咳嗽严重程度。结果老年组常见病因依次为:咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)23例,上气道咳嗽综合征(UACS)16例,胃食管反流性咳嗽(GERC)8例;非老年组常见病因依次为:CVA 31例,UACS 26例,GERC 10例。两组主要病因构成比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者各病因间的日间咳嗽积分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),CVA的夜间积分明显高于其他病因(P均<0.01)。结论与非老年组类似,CVA、UACS、GERC也是老年不明原因慢性咳嗽的常见病因,不同病因慢性咳嗽的日间咳嗽程度类似,但CAV夜间咳嗽程度显著高于其他病因的咳嗽。
Objective To explore the cause of chronic cough and the severity of cough in the elderly and non-elderly patients. Methods Fifty-eight elderly patients and 82 elderly non-elderly patients with chronic cough were enrolled in this study. According to the chronic cough anatomical diagnostic procedure, the severity of cough was evaluated according to the history, physical examination, laboratory tests and related auxiliary tests. Results The common causes of senile patients were as follows: 23 cases of CVA, 16 cases of upper airway cough syndrome (UACS) and 8 cases of gastroesophageal reflux cough (GERC). The common causes of non-elderly patients were as follows: 31 cases of CVA, 26 cases of UACS and 10 cases of GERC. There was no significant difference between the two major etiologies (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in the daytime cough scores between the two groups (P> 0.05). The nighttime score of CVA was significantly higher than other causes (all P <0.01). Conclusions CVA, UACS and GERC are also common causes of unexplained chronic cough in the elderly. Similar to the causes of chronic cough during the day, the degree of cough during daytime is similar, but the cough of CAV at night is significantly higher than that of other causes.