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菊花,别名黄花、节花、女华、金蕊。《埠雅》云:菊本作鞠,从鞠。鞠,穷也,花事至此而穷也,故谓之鞠。菊花属菊科。菊科是种子植物中最大的家族。全世界约有1000属、30000种,广布于全球,以温带和高山区为多。我国有200余属、3000余种,遍及全国。在两千年前,我国就有菊花的记载。至今,品类极多。诸如供观赏的秋菊、大丽菊、瓜叶菊、金钱菊、翠菊;供药用的野菊、红花、苍术、除虫菊;供食用的洋姜、莴苣、甜菊;供工业用的橡胶草等。古人有重阳赏菊的风习,今人则不限于重阳,每逢金秋时节,南北各地都有大型菊展。北京、成都、武汉、开封、长沙等城市的菊展最为隆重。开封市还把菊花定为“市花”。种菊、赏菊的雅兴,在我国甚为普及。我国古代诗人可谓无一而不咏萄。
Chrysanthemums, alias yellow flowers, flowers, women, Jin Rui. “Port Ya” cloud: Ju Ju for Ju, from Ju. Ju, poor also, spend so much and poor also, so that the Ju. Chrysanthemum is a Asteraceae. Asteraceae is the largest family of seed plants. There are about 1000 genera and 30,000 species in the world, widely distributed in the world, mostly in temperate and high mountains. There are more than 200 genus and 3,000 species in our country all over the country. Two thousand years ago, there was a chrysanthemum in our country. So far, a great variety. Such as for the viewing of Chrysanthemum, Dahlia, cineraria, money chrysanthemum, aster; for medicinal wild chrysanthemum, safflower, herb, pyrethrum; for consumption of ginger, lettuce, stevia; for industrial rubber grass . The ancients have the experience of rejuvenating the chrysanthemum, today is not limited to Chongyang, every autumn season, all over the north and south have a large chrysanthemum show. Beijing, Chengdu, Wuhan, Kaifeng, Changsha and other cities in the most grand chrysanthemum show. Kaifeng also set the chrysanthemum as “city flower”. Ju Chrysanthemum, Chrysanthemum Yaxing, very popular in our country. The ancient poets in China can be described as one without praising.