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目的分析儿童病毒性脑膜脑炎临床特点及流行规律,为防治工作提供依据。方法对龙岩市403例病毒性脑膜脑炎进行回顾性调查,分析其临床特征及流行规律,并对其中289例患儿脑脊液标本进行病毒分离。结果患儿多出现发热、呕吐和头痛等症状,血常规异常,颅内压力增高、部分患者脑积液细胞数增加,多数表现异常脑电图;病例无聚集现象,5～7月为发病高峰,≤7岁患儿占71.7%,男性多于女性;脑积液病毒分离阳性率为10.7%,肠道病毒占96.8%。结论病毒性脑膜脑炎多为散发病例,以学龄前儿童多见,临床表现体征复杂多样,辅助检查有利于早期诊断。
Objective To analyze the clinical features and prevalence of viral meningoencephalitis in children and provide basis for prevention and treatment. Methods A total of 403 cases of viral meningoencephalitis in Longyan City were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical characteristics and prevalence of viral meningoencephalitis were analyzed. 289 children with cerebrospinal fluid were isolated for virus isolation. Results Most children had fever, vomiting and headache and other symptoms, abnormal blood, increased intracranial pressure, increased brain cell number in some patients, the majority of abnormal EEG; no aggregation of cases, the peak from May to July , 71.7% of children ≤7 years old, more men than women; the positive rate of CSF was 10.7% and the rate of enterovirus was 96.8%. Conclusion Most cases of viral meningoencephalitis are sporadic cases, more common in preschool children, complex and diverse clinical manifestations, assisted examination is conducive to early diagnosis.