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目的了解神经外科住院患者医院感染情况和病原菌分布,为预防与控制医院感染提供依据。方法采用前瞻性和回顾性相结合的调查方法,对医院神经外科2010年所有住院患者医院感染情况进行调查。结果该医院神经外科全年共有住院患者614例,发生医院感染50例、55例次,医院感染率8.14%、例次感染率8.96%。感染部位以下呼吸道为主,占70.91%,其次是泌尿道和上呼吸道,分别占14.54%和7.27%。医院感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,占71.70%。结论神经外科医院感染率明显高于其他科室,侵入性操作、抗菌药物的应用、患者免疫力低下等是医院感染的危险因素。
Objective To understand the prevalence of nosocomial infections and the distribution of pathogens in neurosurgical inpatients, so as to provide basis for prevention and control of nosocomial infections. Methods A prospective and retrospective survey was conducted to investigate the prevalence of nosocomial infections in all hospitalized patients in neurosurgery in 2010. Results There were 614 hospitalized patients in the department of neurosurgery in the year. There were 50 cases of nosocomial infection and 55 cases of nosocomial infection. The hospital infection rate was 8.14% and the infection rate was 8.96%. The respiratory tract was the main site of infection, accounting for 70.91%, followed by the urinary tract and upper respiratory tract, accounting for 14.54% and 7.27% respectively. Gram-negative bacteria were the main pathogens in the hospital, accounting for 71.70%. Conclusion The infection rate of neurosurgical hospital is obviously higher than that of other departments. The invasive operation, the application of antibacterial drugs and the low immunity of patients are the risk factors of nosocomial infection.