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我国幅员辽阔,有各种类型的生态环境,这就有利于麦类病害的发生流行。麦类病害的种类很多,但主要有:小麦条、叶、秆锈病,麦类白粉病和赤霉病,小麦全蚀病、根腐病、叶枯病、颖枯病、纹枯病、白秆病,小麦散、腥黑穗病和秆黑粉病,大麦散、坚黑穗病,大麦条纹病和云纹病,小麦黄矮病、丛矮病、红矮病、糜疯病、土传病毒病和大麦黄花叶病等20多种病害。近年来,在陕甘川毗邻地区、汉江流域、湖北、豫南和云南等地,小麦条锈病经常发生流行,发生面积约几百万亩至几千百亩,损失较大。小麦白粉病从七十年代后期以来,在全国20多个省市普遍发生危害,1981年大流行,发生面积达4,000多万亩。根腐病在东北和西北一些地区发生较重。小麦白秆病于四川、
China has a vast territory with various types of ecological environment, which is conducive to the occurrence of wheat diseases. There are many kinds of wheat diseases, but there are mainly: wheat bar, leaf, stem rust, wheat powdery mildew and scab, wheat eclipse, root rot, leaf blight, Stalk disease, wheat powdery mildew, stinky smut and stalk smut, barley powdery mildew, stinging smut, barley stripe disease and moire disease, yellow wheat dwarf disease, dwarf disease, red dwarf disease, tremella disease, soil Virus disease and barley mosaic disease more than 20 kinds of diseases. In recent years, in the adjacent areas of Shaanxi and Gansu provinces, the Hanjiang River, Hubei, Henan and Yunnan, wheat stripe rust often occurs, the area of about several million mu to several thousand mu, a greater loss. Since the late 1970s, wheat powdery mildew has been widely endangered in over 20 provinces and cities nationwide. In 1981, the pandemic occurred with an area of more than 40 million mu. Root rot occurs heavier in some areas of the Northeast and Northwest. Wheat stalk disease in Sichuan,