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一在任何一个社会中,容忍很大程度上依赖于掌权人所感受到的安全度。当他们知晓制度的基础并没有处在争议中时,他们乐意开展讨论。恐惧常常是理性的敌人;当人们感受到他们认为合理的期望受到争议,处于危险中时,他们往往准备去镇压而非辩论。我们身处这样一个时代,制度的基础已处于危险之中。战争和改革萦绕在时代的上空。实际上,所有传统价值观念都被质疑。在道德、政治、宗教、社会和经济制度中,不仅有对长期未受挑战的原则的直接而猛烈的攻击,而且在它们的主要倡导人中,隐隐的有
In any society, tolerance depends very much on the degree of security felt by the authorities. When they know the basis of the system is not in dispute, they are willing to discuss it. Fear is often the enemy of reason; when people feel they expect reasonable expectations to be controversial and at risk, they are often prepared to suppress rather than debate. We live in such an era, the foundation of the system is already at risk. War and reform are lingering over the times. In fact, all traditional values are questioned. In the moral, political, religious, social and economic systems, there is not only a direct and violent attack on the principle of long-standing unchallenged but also, among their chief advocates, the faint