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矿物工程，尤其是选矿，在本世纪已经从一种由矿工处理的粗略操作发展成一门重要的有其自身特点的专业学科。本文扼要介绍20世纪矿物工程的进展，尤其是金属矿物选矿如何适应于低品位矿石和越来越多的难选矿，以及其在工业应用上的衰退。
Mineral engineering, and in particular beneficiation, has evolved from a crude operation handled by the miners into an important disciplinary discipline with its own characteristics in this century. This article outlines the progress of mineral engineering in the twentieth century, and in particular how metal mineral beneficiation adapts to low grade ore and a growing number of refractory deposits, as well as its decline in industrial applications.