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1 缺水已经带来的问题据统计,2000年我国北方地区的黄淮海平原总需水量将达到958.0亿m~3,缺水量为334.5亿m~3。全国总的缺水量约778.0亿m~3。就目前情况而言,我国由于缺水已经带来一系列问题:①导致农业旱灾面积不断扩大,从50年代的1.13×10~5km~2,增加到80年代的2.335×10~5km~2和90年代2.66×10~5km~2,造成粮食每年减产700～800亿kg;②引起黄河断流。据最近几年的统计,1995年断流122d,1996年断流136d,1997年断流226d,到1998年是260d,2000年不但黄河下游断流,还出现了中上游首次断流现象,由于断流造成经济损失
1 Water shortage has caused the problem According to statistics, the total water demand of the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain in northern China in 2000 will reach 95.8 billion m 3 and the water deficit will be 33.45 billion m 3. The total water shortage in the country is about 78.8 billion m ~ 3. As far as the present situation is concerned, a series of problems have been brought about by water shortages in our country. ① The area of agricultural droughts has been expanding continuously from 1.13 × 10 ~ 5km ~ 2 in the 1950s to 2.335 × 10 ~ 5km ~ 2 in the 1980s 90s 2.66 × 10 ~ 5km ~ 2, resulting in annual grain output of 700 ~ 800 billion kg; ② cause the Yellow River cut-off. According to the statistics of recent years, the flow-off in 1995 was 122 days, the flow-off in 1996 was 136 days, the flow-off was in 226 days in 1997 and 260 days in 1998. Not only was the flow in the lower reaches of the Yellow River interrupted in 2000, Cut off caused economic losses