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对于非恒定流,用常规的水文学方法很难分析计算渠道水流的水位、流量等水力要素随着时间和流程的变化,圣维南方程则可以解决这类问题。本文针对石头河东干渠渠系的具体情况,应用圣维南方程组建立数学模型,用特征线法对方程组进行求解,并对其中关键性参数进行分析研究。结果表明:计算水位、流量与实际过程相吻合,偏差均在允许范围之内。也进一步表明用圣维南方程组对石头河东干渠渠系进行非恒定流的数值模拟具有实用性和可操作性。
For unsteady flow, it is difficult to analyze and calculate such factors as water level and flow rate of channel water flow with the time and flow process by conventional hydrological methods. Saint-Venant equation can solve such problems. In this paper, according to the concrete conditions of the canal system in the east canal of Stone River, a mathematical model is established by using Saint-Venant Equation, and the characteristic equations are used to solve the equations. The key parameters are analyzed and studied. The results show that the calculation of water level and flow rate are consistent with the actual process and the deviations are within the allowable range. It is further proved that the numerical simulation of unsteady flow using the Shengweinan Equation is feasible and feasible.