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在苏联机器制造中,发动机气缸-活塞组零件采用带有片状石墨的CH一XHM合金灰铸铁制造,并采用各种方法予以强化,其中包括氮化、蒸汽氧化处理和氰化等。这些处理方法都有一定的缺点。例如,含有氮化物的表层在运用过程中易剥落,使磨合性变差;含有氧化铁(磁性氧化铁和富氏体)的表层的特点是磨合性差。含硫化铁的铸铁具有良好的磨合性和高的抗擦伤性,但是却不能长期承受气缸-活塞组零件工作下的高载
In Soviet machine building, engine cylinder-piston assembly parts are made of CH-XHM alloy gray cast iron with flake graphite and are reinforced by a variety of methods, including nitriding, steam oxidation and cyanidation. These methods have some disadvantages. For example, the nitride-containing surface layer tends to flake off during operation, resulting in poor formability; the surface layer containing iron oxide (magnetic iron oxide and rich in body) is characterized by poor run-in. Ferrous sulphide-containing cast iron with good run-in and high scratch resistance, but can not withstand long-term under the cylinder-piston assembly work load