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目的:通过对新疆碘缺乏病严重流行、经济文化发展滞后、土盐资源丰富地区目标人群的碘需求和碘缺乏病防治知识的定性调查,寻找影响碘缺乏病严重流行区碘利用的主要障碍,为制定碘缺乏病严重流行区碘市场和传播策略提供依据。方法:选择土(滩和岩)盐资源丰富,碘盐普及率较低的吐鲁番地区的吐鲁番市、阿克苏地区的乌什县、和田地区的策勒县与墨玉县为现场研究。结果:多数成人知道缺碘能引起甲状腺肿大,少数知道缺碘造成儿童智力损害;严重流行区的碘油匮乏,碘盐价格过高,农村销售网点不完善,土(岩)盐销售商贩走街串村私售现象普遍存在;容易接受的宣传方式是相关人员的现场讲解、看电视、领导宣传。学生对碘缺乏病防治知识掌握较快,宣传挂画及图片对提高碘缺乏病的认识有促进作用。结论:新疆四县(市)碘缺乏病严重流行区的经济、文化程度、土盐资源丰富与食用土盐传统习惯是影响居民碘盐需求及改变行为的主要因素。
OBJECTIVE: To find out the main obstacles to the iodine utilization in the endemic areas of iodine deficiency disorders through the qualitative investigation of the iodine deficiency and iodine deficiency disease prevention and control knowledge among the target population in areas rich in salt and soil resources, due to the serious epidemic of iodine deficiency disorders in Xinjiang, the lagging economic and cultural development, To provide a basis for the development of a iodine deficiency epidemic iodine market and dissemination strategy. Methods: Soil (beach and rock) was selected as Turpan City in Turpan with rich salt resources and low iodine salt penetration rate. Wushi County in Aksu Prefecture and Cele County and Moyu County in Hetian were selected as field research. Results: Most adults knew that iodine deficiency could cause goiter, and a few knew that iodine deficiency caused mental retardation in children. Lipiodol in severe epidemic areas, high price of iodized salt, imperfect sales outlets in rural areas, Street string village private sale phenomenon prevails; easily accepted publicity is the site staff to explain, watch TV, leading publicity. Students knowledge of prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders grasp faster, promote pictures and pictures to promote awareness of iodine deficiency disorders have a role in promoting. CONCLUSION: The economic, educational level, abundance of soil salt and earthenware salt consumption in four counties (counties) with severe endemic areas of iodine deficiency disorders are the main factors that affect the iodized salt demand and change behavior of residents.