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目的研究食管癌核基质抗体的肿瘤特异性和组织学特异性．方法用人食管癌组织提取核基质抗原，制备核基质抗体，采用免疫组织化学方法对食管癌４１例（男２６例，女１５例，年龄５３岁±７２岁）、正常食管粘膜８例、食管粘膜异型增生１５例、肺鳞癌１０例、喉癌１０例、胃腺癌１０例以及大鼠食管癌５例进行免疫组化染色．结果食管癌核基质抗体在食管癌组织中表达有特异性（３２／４１，７８０％），与正常食管粘膜（１／８，１２５％）及胃腺癌（２／１０，２００％）有非常显著差异（Ｐ＜００１），与食管异常增生（７／１５，４６７％）、肺鳞癌（３／１０，３００％）、喉鳞癌（４／１０，４００％）差异明显（Ｐ＜００５），但与大鼠食管癌组织（２／５，４００％）差异不明显．食管癌核基质的表达，在不同分化程度的食管癌组织中无明显差异（Ｐ＞００５）；在淋巴结转移阳性组高于淋巴结转移阴性组（１７／１８，９４４％ｖｓ１５／２３，６５２％，Ｐ＜００５）．结论食管癌核基质抗体具有较好肿瘤和组织学特异性，对肿瘤转移有一定影响，可作为食管癌的一项新标记物．
3. Objective To study the tumor specificity and histological specificity of esophageal cancer nuclear matrix antibody. Methods Human mammary cancer tissues were used to extract nuclear matrix antigen to prepare nuclear matrix antibody. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect 41 cases of esophageal cancer (26 males and 15 females, age 53±72 years old) and 8 cases of normal esophageal mucosa. 15 cases of esophageal dysplasia, 10 cases of squamous cell carcinoma, 10 cases of laryngeal carcinoma, 10 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma, and 5 cases of esophageal carcinoma were immunohistochemically stained. RESULTS: Esophageal carcinoma nuclear matrix antibody was specifically expressed in esophageal cancer tissues (32/41, 78.0%), with normal esophageal mucosa (1/8,12.5%) and gastric adenocarcinoma (2/10, 20 days). 0%) There was a very significant difference (P <0 01), with esophageal dysplasia (7/15, 46 7%), squamous cell carcinoma of the lung (3/10, 30 0%), laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (4/ 10, 40 0%) was significantly different (P <0 05), but not significantly different from the esophageal cancer tissue (2/5, 40 0%). The expression of nuclear matrix in esophageal cancer was not significantly different in esophageal cancer tissues with different degrees of differentiation (P>005); in lymph node metastasis-positive group was higher than that in lymph node metastasis-negative group (17/18, 944% vs15/23 , 652%, P<005). Conclusion The nuclear matrix antibody of esophageal carcinoma has good tumor and histological specificity, and has certain influence on tumor metastasis. It can be used as a new marker for esophageal cancer.