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目的分析西安市5~19岁学龄期青少年伤害死亡原因及变化趋势,为制定伤害干预措施提供依据。方法收集西安市2008-2014年伤害死亡资料,用ICD-10进行死因分类,计算伤害死亡率、死因构成、年度变化百分比(Annual Percent Change,APC),并进行统计分析。结果西安市2008-2014年5~19岁青少年伤害平均死亡率为14.01/105,总体呈逐年下降趋势(APC=-3.23%,t=-2.78,P<0.05);男性青少年伤害死亡率高于女性(χ2=111.72,P<0.01),男童伤害死亡率随年份的增长呈下降趋势(APC=-5.58%,t=-4.04,P<0.05)。前5位伤害死亡原因依次为交通事故、溺水、意外事故、自杀和意外中毒,占该年龄伤害死亡的87.92%。结论西安市青少年伤害死亡率呈逐年下降趋势,交通事故和溺水是主要死亡原因,要从家庭、学校和社会三方面加强伤害防控,以有效降低青少年伤害死亡率。
Objective To analyze the causes and trends of injury death among adolescents aged 5-19 years old in Xi’an and to provide the basis for making injury interventions. Methods The data of injuries and deaths in Xi’an during 2008-2014 were collected. The cause of death was classified by ICD-10, and the injury mortality, the cause of death and the annual percentage change (APC) were calculated and analyzed statistically. Results The average rate of injury among adolescents aged 5 to 19 years in Xi’an from 2008 to 2014 was 14.01 / 105, showing an overall decreasing trend year by year (APC = -3.23%, t = -2.78, P <0.05) Female (χ2 = 111.72, P <0.01). The mortality rate of boy injury decreased with age (APC = -5.58%, t = -4.04, P <0.05). The top 5 causes of death were traffic accidents, drowning, accidents, suicide and accidental poisoning, accounting for 87.92% of the injuries and deaths at that age. Conclusion The mortality rate of adolescent injuries in Xi’an shows a declining trend year by year. Traffic accidents and drowning are the main causes of death. Injury prevention and control should be strengthened from three aspects: family, school and society so as to effectively reduce the mortality rate of adolescent injuries.