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AIM: To discuss the possible effect of PTEN gene mutations on occurrence and development of gastric cancer.METHODS: Fifty-three gastric cancer specimens were selected to probe PTEN gene mutations in genome of gastric cancer and paracancerous tissues using PCR-SSCP-DNA sequencing method based on microdissection and to observe the protein expression by immunohistochemistry technique.RESULTS: PCR-SSCP-DNA sequencing indicated that 4 kinds of mutation sites were found in 5 of 53 gastric cancer specimens.One kind of mutation was found in exons.AA-TCC mutation was located at 40bp upstream of 3' lateral exert 7 (115946 AA-TCC).Such mutations led to terminator formation in the 297th codon of the PTEN gene.The other 3 kinds of mutation were found in introns,including a G-C point mutation at 91 bp upstream of 5' lateral exon 5(90896 G-C),a T-G point mutation at 24 bp upstream of 5' lateral exon 5 (90963 T-G),and a single base A mutation at 7 bp upstream of 5' lateral exon 5 (90980 A del).The PTEN protein expression in gastric cancer and paracancerous tissues detected using immunohistochemistry technique indicated that the total positive rate of PTEN protein expression was 66% in gastric cancer tissue,which was significantly lower than that (100%) in paracancerous tissues (P＜0.005).CONCLUSION: PTEN gene mutation and expression may play an important role in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer.(C)2008 The WJG Press.All rights reserved.