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文化是人类在社会历史发展过程中所创造的物质财富和精神财富的总和,如文学、艺术、教育、科学等等。而语言是人类思维的外在形式,人们通过语言来表达内心的丰富思想,进行相互间的思想感情交流。文化对语言的形成、发展和变化产生着深刻的影响。事实上语言并不是一种隔离的现象孤立地存在,语言是文化的一个整体部分。文化是语言的内容,语言是文化的载体,语言与文化是密不可分的。中西文化之间存在着差异,可以体现在地理环境、社会习俗、宗教信仰、历史典故等多方面。这些差异可以在各自的语言上从不同的方面反映出来,并且对英汉翻译过程中的语义理解和传达产生一定的干扰和影响。所以在英汉翻译活动中,必须要考虑到中西文化差异的问题,从各自文化的角度充分理解原文含义,并采取适当的语义表达方式,精确地译出原文。
Culture is the sum of material wealth and spiritual wealth created by mankind in the course of social and historical development, such as literature, art, education, science and so on. Language, on the other hand, is an external form of human thinking. People express their inner rich thoughts through language and exchange thoughts and feelings with each other. Culture has a profound impact on the formation, development and change of language. In fact, language is not a phenomenon of isolation exist in isolation, the language is an integral part of culture. Culture is the content of language, language is the carrier of culture, language and culture are inseparable. There are differences between Chinese and Western cultures, which can be reflected in many aspects, such as geographical environment, social customs, religious beliefs and historical allusions. These differences can be reflected in different aspects of their respective languages and have a certain interference and influence on the semantic understanding and communication in English-Chinese translation. Therefore, in the English-Chinese translation activities, we must consider the differences between Chinese and Western cultures, fully understand the original meaning from the perspective of each culture, and adopt appropriate semantic expressions to accurately translate the original texts.