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赤霉病是大小麦生产上的一大威胁,本省各地历年都受其害,特別在杭嘉湖一带,更是猖獗。据調查,常年发病率为20～30％,严重年份发病率可高达50％以上。为了彻底防治大小麦赤霉病,本所在历年来研究的基础上,1960年又进一步探討了該病的发生发展規律和防治方法。現将所得結果簡述于下: 一、发病規律的研究 (一)关于越冬菌源問題: 1.病組織越冬观測:1959年6月3日露置地面的病株,至1960年4月底检查时,子囊壳大部分干燥破裂,未发現子囊孢子,在穗頸部長满了菌絲。1959年11月露挂在竹篱上的病穗,至1960年3月上旬,菌絲仍有生活力;部分穗上产生了分生孢子。由上可見,赤霉病菌可在病組織上越冬,成为来春的菌源。 2.寄主植物带菌率的調查:据調查,赤霉病
Fusarium head blight is a major threat to the production of large and small wheat. The entire province has suffered over the years, especially in the Hangjiahu area. It is even more rampant. According to the survey, the annual incidence of 20 to 30%, the incidence of severe years can be as high as 50% or more. In order to thoroughly control the wheat head and ear blight, the Institute in the study over the years, based on 1960 and further explored the occurrence and development of the disease and prevention methods. Now the results summarized in the following: First, the study of the incidence of (A) on the source of overwintering bacteria: 1. Diseases overwintering observation: June 3, 1959 the exposed ground sick strain until the end of April 1960 Check, most of the shell of the capsule rupture dry, no ascospores found in the spike neck covered with mycelium. In November 1959, the diseased ear hanging on a bamboo fence was still viable by early March 1960; conidia were formed on some of the spikes. From the above we can see that Fusarium graminearum can overwinter in the diseased tissue and become the source of spring. Host plant contamination rate survey: According to the survey, scab