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高碘酸及其盐类在分析化学上是一种重要的试剂,用途很广。例如在无机分析中,高碘酸及其盐类是一种很好的锰的定量试剂,可用容量法或比色法来测定,尤其适用于用比色法来测定微量的锰。此外,也可以应用在碘化物(I~-)和汞的定量分析,在Cl~-,Br~-和I~-共存的情况下,可用高碘酸法来测定其中的I~-,结果亦甚准确。汞(Hg~(+2)在微酸性溶液中可以定量地沉淀成仲高碘酸汞Hg_5(IO_6)_2,可直接称量,也可用容量法来测定。在有机化学上,高碘酸及其盐类能与许多有机化合物起作用,能氧化分子结构中联结在两个相邻碳原子上的羟基(-OH)、氨基(-NH_2)及碳酰基(>C=0),使两个相邻碳原子间的键断裂。这种特性常用来测定碳水化合物及其他化合物的结构式,以及制造新的化合物,在分析上已非常成功地应用在二元醇类、多元醇类、羟胺类、碳水化合物等方面化合物的测定。在某些应用中,可用高碘酸的钾盐或钠盐,但在某些方面必须用高碘酸。例如,在制造某些化合物要使氧化后的产物分离时,用了高碘酸就可使产物易于分离,且可获较高的得量。现在把高碘酸的制备方法及其对钾的定量分析方面的应用写在后面。
Periodate and its salts are an important reagent in analytical chemistry and have a wide range of uses. For example, in inorganic analysis, periodate and its salts are a good quantitative reagent for manganese, which can be measured by volumetric or colorimetric methods. It is especially suitable for the determination of trace manganese by colorimetry. In addition, quantitative analysis of iodide (I ~) and mercury can also be applied. In the case of coexistence of Cl ~ -, Br ~ - and I ~, the I ~ - can be measured by the periodate method, and the result Also very accurate. Mercury (Hg2 +) can be quantitatively precipitated into slightly acidic solution Hg_5 (IO_6) _2, which can be directly weighed, but also can be measured by volumetric method.Inorganic chemistry, periodic acid and Its salts work with many organic compounds to oxidize the hydroxyl (-OH), amino (-NH2) and carbonyl (> C = 0) linkages in two adjacent carbon atoms in the molecular structure, Bond breakage between adjacent carbon atoms, a property commonly used to determine the structure of carbohydrates and other compounds, as well as the manufacture of new compounds, has been used with great success in the analysis of diols, polyols, hydroxylamines, Carbohydrates, etc. Periodic acid potassium or sodium salts may be used in some applications, but periodic acid must be used in some aspects, for example, in the manufacture of certain compounds to separate the oxidized product , The use of periodic acid can make the product easy to separate, and can get a higher yield now periodical acid preparation method and its application in the quantitative analysis of potassium in the back.