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目的了解北京市通州区手足口病流行特征。方法用疾病监测信息报告管理系统数据进行分析,采集部分手足口病患儿的咽拭子等标本,进行肠道病毒71型(EV71)、柯萨奇病毒A16型(CoxA16)和其他肠道病毒的核酸检测。结果通州区2006-2010年报告手足口病9 086例,年平均发病率为219.67/10万,死亡3例。5-7月份为发病高峰,占总病例数63.44%,5岁及以下儿童病例数占83.21%,散居儿童、幼托儿童病例数占94.24%。患儿中EV71病毒阳性率为25.4%,CoxA16为8.3%,其他肠道病毒为14.9%。48例重症患者中EV71病毒阳性率为18.8%,其他肠道病毒为12.5%,未检出CoxA16病毒。结论通州区以5岁及以下儿童发病为主,夏季为高发季节,普通患儿和重症患儿均以EV71病毒检出率最高,患儿应密切关注病情,以减少重症和死亡病例。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Tongzhou District of Beijing. Methods Data of disease surveillance information reporting management system was analyzed and some throat swab samples of hand, foot and mouth disease patients were collected for EV71, CoxA16 and other enteroviruses Nucleic acid detection. Results Tongzhou District from 2006 to 2010 reported 9 086 cases of hand, foot and mouth disease, with an average annual incidence of 219.67 / 100,000 and 3 deaths. The incidence peaked in May-July, accounting for 63.44% of the total number of cases, 83.21% of children aged 5 and under, and scattered children and 94.7% of children under child care. The positive rate of EV71 in children was 25.4%, that of CoxA16 was 8.3%, and that of other enteroviruses was 14.9%. In 48 severe cases, the positive rate of EV71 was 18.8% and that of other enteroviruses was 12.5%. CoxA16 was not detected. Conclusions Tongzhou District is dominated by children aged 5 years and younger, while summer is the high season. The prevalence of EV71 virus is the highest in ordinary children and severe cases. Children should pay close attention to the condition to reduce the incidence of severe and fatal cases.