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目的通过追踪记录不同胎龄(26+1~42+6周)婴幼儿的智能发育指标并进行比较分析,发现不同胎龄婴幼儿的智能发育规律。方法选取2012-2014年间于佛山市妇幼保健院儿童保健科随访至2岁或以上的婴幼儿3 438例,根据胎龄把随访婴幼儿分为5组,使用《0~6岁儿童神经心理发育量表》对各组婴幼儿分别进行3、6、9、12、18、24月龄的神经心理发育测试,计算各组的发育商均值并比较分析。结果极早产儿组的发育商于随访期间低于其他组别婴幼儿(P<0.05)。晚期早产儿组的发育商于18月龄及以后与各胎龄足月儿、过期产儿组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。各胎龄足月儿、过期产儿组于6月龄及以后发育商比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论极早产儿仍为智能发育障碍的主要人群,需积极采取相关手段提高其生命质量。
Objective To track the intelligence development of infants with different gestational ages (26 + 1 ~ 42 + 6 weeks) and compare them to find out the law of intelligence development of infants with different gestational ages. Methods A total of 3 438 infants and young children aged 2 years or above were enrolled in the Child Health Care Section of Foshan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from 2012 to 2014. The infants were divided into 5 groups according to their gestational age and the neuropsychological development Scale "for each group of infants were 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24-month-old neuropsychological test, calculate the average value of the development of each group and comparative analysis. Results The developmental age of the very premature infant group was lower than that of the other groups during follow-up (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the developmental age of late premature children between 18 months of age and later than that of full-term infants and children with gestational age (P> 0.05). The gestational age of full-term children, children with obesity at 6 months of age and later than the development of business, the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). Conclusions Very preterm children are still the main population with mental retardation, and relevant means should be actively taken to improve their quality of life.