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目的探讨新疆汉族、维吾尔族、哈萨克族妇女生殖道不同型别人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)的感染状况以及在人群中的分布。方法自2009年1月至2010年6月对新疆18～64岁的女性开展以人群为基础的宫颈癌筛查,对合格对象进行流行病学问卷调查。采集受试者宫颈脱落细胞,进行液基细胞学(LCT)检测、HPV分型基因芯片检测。LCT异常者进行阴道镜及宫颈组织病理活检。以病理结果作为诊断宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)的金标准。结果 (1)维吾尔族妇女HPV感染率最高(27.97%,299/1069),与汉族(13.42%,161/1200)、哈萨克族(14.00%,35/250)比较差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。(2)汉族高危型HPV阳性人群中以16、58、52、18和31型HPV阳性者最多,维吾尔族高危型HPV阳性人群中以16、58、31、52和68、39型HPV阳性者最多,哈萨克族高危型HPV阳性人群中以16、18、58、33型HPV阳性者最多。(3)3个民族妇女HPV感染率随着宫颈病变的加重呈趋势性增加;3个民族CINⅡ及CINⅢ发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),其中维吾尔族发生率最高,与其他两组比较,差异均有统计学意义。结论维吾尔族妇女HPV感染率最高;新疆汉族、维吾尔族、哈萨克族高危型HPV感染型别不同,3个民族HPV感染率随着宫颈病变的加重呈趋势性增加。
Objective To investigate the prevalence and distribution of different types of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the reproductive tract of Han, Uighur and Kazak women in Xinjiang. Methods From January 2009 to June 2010, a population-based screening of cervical cancer was performed in women aged 18-64 years in Xinjiang. The epidemiological questionnaires of eligible subjects were conducted. Subjects were collected cervical exfoliated cells, liquid-based cytology (LCT) detection, HPV genotyping chip detection. LCT abnormalities colposcopy and cervical biopsy. Pathological findings as a diagnostic criteria for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) gold standard. Results (1) The HPV infection rate of Uyghur women was the highest (27.97%, 299/1069), which was significantly different from that of Han (13.42%, 161/1200) and Kazakh (14.00%, 35/250) <0.01). (2) Among the high-risk HPV-positive population of Han nationality, 16, 58, 52, 18, and 31 were the most positive HPV positive persons, while those of Uighur high risk HPV positive population were HPV positive with 16, 58, 31, 52 and 68, Mostly, the highest prevalence of HPV types 16, 18, 58, and 33 in Kazakh high-risk HPV positive population. (3) The prevalence of HPV infection in 3 ethnic women tended to increase with the increase of cervical lesions. There was significant difference in the incidence of CINⅡ and CINⅢ between the three ethnic groups (P <0.01), among which the incidence of Uyghur was the highest The other two groups, the differences were statistically significant. Conclusions The prevalence of HPV infection in Uighur women is the highest. The types of high-risk HPV infection in Han, Uygur and Kazakans in Xinjiang are different. The prevalence of HPV infection in three ethnic groups increases with the increase of cervical lesions.