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16世纪末烟草传入我国后,香烟的生产和销售量不断增加,我国已成为世界烟草大国,据估计,目前全国有三亿多吸烟者,直接或间接受烟草危害的达七亿人。WHO已将烟草依赖作为一种疾病列入国际疾病分类(ICD-10)(F17.2,属精神神经疾病),确认烟草是目前人类健康的重大威胁。吸烟成瘾的实质就是尼古丁依赖,烟草依赖是一种慢性高复发性疾病。行为疗法(behaviour therapy)是基于实验心理学的成果,帮助病人消除或建立某种行为,从而达到治疗目的的一门医学技术。现代行为疗法只有近百年的历史,它并没有一位开山始祖,因而它没有一个统一始终、连续贯通的理论模式,从开始就呈现出一派百家争鸣的局面,很多学者各自独立地提出了行为疗法的种种理论。烟瘾疗法多种多样,形式各异,本文通过对戒烟者吸烟行为进行干预(行为疗法)达到戒烟目的病例进行介绍。
After tobacco was introduced into our country at the end of the 16th century, the production and sales of cigarettes have been on the rise. China has become the world’s tobacco power. It is estimated that there are over 300 million smokers in the country directly or indirectly affected by tobacco and reaching 700 million people. WHO has included tobacco dependence as a disease in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) (F17.2, a psychiatric disorder), confirming that tobacco is a significant human health threat. The essence of smoking addiction is nicotine dependence, tobacco dependence is a chronic high recurrent disease. Behavioral therapy is based on the results of experimental psychology, to help patients eliminate or establish some kind of behavior, so as to achieve a therapeutic medical technology. Modern behavioral therapy has only a history of nearly one hundred years. It does not have a pioneering ancestor. Therefore, it does not have a unified and continuous theoretical model. From the very beginning, it has given rise to a hundred schools of thought. Many scholars have put forward behavioral therapies independently Various theories. Smoking addiction therapy is varied and varied in form. This article describes the purpose of smoking cessation through behavioral therapy interventions.