论文部分内容阅读
本文论述了里骆杉木林区十二种营养元素的含量、分布、立地变化、季度变化以及杉木中各种元素含量之间的相互关系。研究结果表明,杉木是强烈积聚钙、磷、锰的,属于N>Ca>K(Mn)型树种。林下植物的营养水平比杉木高得多,特别是钾。在二十四年生杉木中,每公顷贮存的元素公斤数是:氮277、磷29、钾196、钙263、镁53、铁24、锰11、锌0.66、铜0.22、硫22、氯55、硼0.23,元素总量近一半集中于林冠,树干占32％,树根占19％。杉木这十二种元素总贮存量相当于土壤0～80厘米土层相应的可给态元素总量的80％,杉木中的氮、磷、氯占的比例比土壤的速效氮、磷和水溶性氯的大得多,微量元素比土壤相应的可给态元素小得多,其它元素相差不大。同一山坡的土壤中、下中坡的大多数可给态元素显著高于上坡,夏春显著高于秋冬。同一山坡1～2年生杉木枝叶中,大多数元素差异不显著,但下中坡的钙和硼非常显著地高于上坡,夏春金属元素和微量元素显著高于秋冬。当土壤养分供应较好,杉木衰老枝叶向1～2年生枝叶转移的元素量多时,1～2年生枝叶元素含量高,各种元素比例比较协调,杉木生长较好。杉木中的钾、钙、镁、锰、氯、硼彼此之间以及氮—钾、氮—钙、锌—铜之间等都有较好的线性关系。
This paper discusses the relationship between the content, distribution, site change, seasonal variation and the content of various elements in Chinese fir plantation. The results show that Chinese fir is a strong accumulation of calcium, phosphorus and manganese, belonging to N> Ca> K (Mn) type trees. Undergrowths are much more nutritious than fir, especially potassium. In 24-year-old Chinese fir, the number of kilograms of elements stored per hectare is: nitrogen 277, phosphorus 29, potassium 196, calcium 263, magnesium 53, iron 24, manganese 11, zinc 0.66, copper 0.22, sulfur 22, chlorine 55, Boron 0.23, nearly half of the total element concentration in the canopy, trunk 32%, 19% tree roots. The total storage of these twelve elements of Chinese fir is equivalent to 80% of the corresponding total available available elements in 0-80 cm of soil layer. The proportion of N, P and Cl in Chinese fir is higher than that of available N, P and water in soil Chlorine is much larger, trace elements than the soil corresponding to the state elements can be much smaller, other elements are similar. In the same hillside soil, most of the lower mid-slope can give the state elements significantly higher than the uphill, summer and spring was significantly higher than the autumn and winter. Most of the elements in 1 - 2 year - old Chinese fir branches on the same slope were not significantly different. However, the calcium and boron in the lower mid - slope were significantly higher than that in the upper slope, and the contents of trace metals and metals in summer were significantly higher than those in autumn and winter. When the supply of soil nutrients is good, the amount of elements transferred from the aged branches and leaves of the fir to 1 ~ 2 year old branches and leaves is high, the content of the foliage elements in the 1 ~ 2 year old branches is high, the proportion of various elements is more harmonious and the growth of the fir is better. There is a good linear relation between potassium, calcium, magnesium, manganese, chlorine and boron in Chinese fir, and between nitrogen and potassium, nitrogen and calcium, zinc and copper.